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COURSE OF STUDY 



FOR THE 



ELEMENTARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 



OP 



HA^Z^J^II. 



I HONOLULU: 

[ Printed by the Hawaiian Gazette Company, 

! 1899. 

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JAN 15 1901 
O.ofD. 



aw4s. "11(115+, o-[ V 



COURSE OF STUDY 



FOR THE 



ELEMENTARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 



OP 



ITAIATJLII, 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, 

RECEIVED 

JAN15i901 

DIVISION OF DOCUMENTS. 



HONOLULU : 

Printed by the Hawaiian Gazette Company, 

1899. 



JAN 15 1901 
D.ofD. 



PRIHARY COURSE. 



FIRST YEAR. 

Language — " 

Teach children to express in English what they perceive 
and what they do in the s«choolroom, on the playground, on 
the way to school, and at home. Train the ear first, and 
then the vocal organs. Use slow pronunciation as needed 
to secure clear enunciation and correct pronunciation. Study 
the cat, and teach children to express in English all that they 
find out. For guidance in this work the teacher is referred to 
Johonnot's "Cats and Dogs," and Miss Page's "Heart Culture." 
Additional matter from experience of pupils' and teacher and 
from other sources, such as "The Cat and the Sparrow" (Ad- 
vanced First Reader, page 20). Use this matter for reading. 
Reading from the chart. Do not attempt to use all the read- 
ing matter on the chart this year. Study other animals after 
the manner of the study of the cat. Easy memory gems from 
"Hawaii's Young People" or other sources. 

Geography — 

1. Excursions- and collections of museum specimens, in- 
cluding lava and lava stones, coral and coral rock, sea shells, 
black sand, white sand, etc., etc. 

2. Compare stones found on ridges, on cliffs, in cuts, in 
the beds of streams, and in various situations on beaches and 
shores. Observe streams in times of freshets. Observe the 



sea breaking upon the beach, and note the motion of stones, 
bits of coral, s-hells and sand. Where are smooth stones 
found? What makes them smooth? How does coral become 
"beach- worn?" How does the water make stones smooth? 

3. Forms studied and modeled in clay or sand, or both. 
Hills, valleys, mountains, capes, bays, etc., studied in nature, 
and modeled. Outline of stchool grounds on moulding board. 
Structure of school grounds studied and the outline filled in 
with sand or clay. Plan of schoolroom on slates, blackboards 
and paper. 

4. Boundaries of school grounds and other pieces of land, 
showing ownership. Boundaries of your district for purposes 
of government. Principal officers of your district, and duties 
of each. 

5. Sunris-e, sunset, directions, positions and position 
words. 

6. Winds observed. Each day record direction of wind. 
Note rainy days by terms. Rainy and dry seasons. 

7. Excursions to see a cane field, a rice field, a coffee 
plantation, a sugar mill, a rice mill, or a coffee mill at work. 
Observe industrial processes in progress. Collect examples of 
sugar, rice, coffee, cotton, etc. A few plants, such as beans, 
rice and cotton, planted and observed through to maturity. 

8. Horse, cow, sheep, hen, duck, studied as opportunity 
offers* and as indicated in the course in Language. 

9. Different nationalities in the school or in the neigh- 
borhood. Characteristics, occupations and manner of life of 
the different nationalities. 

10. Mutual helpfulness in the home, in the school. 

11. Arranging, labeling and preserving specimens; cul- 
tivating plants, etc. 



Arithmetic — 

Teach inch, foot, square inch, square foot, pint, quart, 
gallon, cent, dime, dollar, day, week, etc., as measures. In- 
troduce numbers, as measures. Estimate and measure dis- 
tances, dimensions, growth of plants, areas, bulks (contents 
of vessels), etc. Use measurement in the study of objects, 
in language lessons and geography. Value of postage stamps, 
pencils, books, etc. Numbers by Grube method to 10, with 
constant application to things the measure of which is inter- 
esting to children. 

Writing — 

Words and sentences written in large letters on black- 
boards, slates and paper as needed. Much care to secure erect 
posture of pupils while writing. Drill on single letters or 
parts of letters when necessary. 

Singing — 

Kindergarten and action songs — especially those on local 
topics. Songs used in games. Opening songs, etc. 



SECOND YEAR. 

Language — 

Conversations continued. Reading from the Primer. "The 
Old Woman and Her Pig," and other "Classic Stories for the 
Little Ones," told, reproduced and read from the blackboards, 
.^sop's Fables. Copying. Dictation of easy sentences not in 
the reading lessons. Strict attention to capitals and punctu- 
ation marks in all school exercises. Studies of animals, 
plants, etc., made in geography lessons, as well as very simple 



6 

stories used in the basis of reading, dictation and composition 
exercises. Easy letter writing. Phonics as needed. Memory 
gems. 

Geography — 

1. Collect specimens, including soils, clay, volcanic cin- 
ders, coal cinders, crystals (as of olivine and calc-spar). Ex- 
change specimens with other Hawaiian schools. Study cliffs 
and volcanic deposits of various kinds. 

2. Study soils. Compare coal and volcanic cinders. Study 
decaying stones and decaying vegetation as sources of soil. 
Experiments in making crystals. 

3. Map of the school grounds. Other lands of the neigh- 
borhood moulded and mapped. Actual measurements used 
to make maps. 

4. Other officers of your island. Where does each live? 
What are his duties ? 

5. The slant of the sun's rays at noon observed many 
times during the year. Variations in the directions of sunrise 
and sunset. 

6. Elevation and rain. Direction of the wind and rain. 
Temperature and rain. Rain and vegetation. Rain and sur- 
face features of the soil. Weather record. 

7. Study objectively sugar cane, cotton, rice, banana, etc., 
planting and observing in growth as many as possible. Col- 
lect samples of the principal products. Collect samples of 
useful wood. Study the growing trees as far as possible. 

8. Habits of doves, mynah birds, rice birds, etc., observed. 
Effects of these habits on vegetation. 

9. How did the people of the different nationalities of 
your neighborhood come to be in the country. How do the 
different nationalities help one another? 



10. Occupations of your neighborhood, and inter-relations 
of the people. 

11. Arranging, labeling and preserving museum speci- 
mens, cultivating plants, etc. 

Arithmetic — 

Extend the use of measures already learned, including 
those of value. Teach in addition yard, rod, cubic inch, minute, 
hour. Estimate and measure areas, volumes, and bulks. Cal- 
culate areas from linear dimensions. Teach pupils the time of 
day by the clock. Number and measure in other studies. 
Numbers by the Grube method to 50, with constant applica- 
tions practical to the child. Teach numbers' expressed by two 
figures as tens and units. 

Writing — 

Taught incidentally (not accidentally) in language work. 
Insist upon large, plain letters and correct positions. Use 
blackboards, slates, and paper and pencils-. 

Singing — 

Kindergarten songs, motion songs and game songs con- 
tinued. Eote songs, selected for their connection with other 
lessons. Songs suitable for special occasions. 



THIRD YEAR. 

Language — 

First reader. Copying prose and poetry. Phonic drill as 
needed. Dictation of short easy stories. Reproduction of 
easy stories in writing. Letters. Written and oral exercises 
on matter of geography and arithmetic lessons. Ancient 



8 

Hawaiian historical legends before the time of Kahekili and 
Kalaniopuu. Memory gems. 

Geography — 

1. Collect and examine limestone, lime, mortar, cement, 
sandstone, tnfa, sulphur, etc. Exchange specimens with other 
schools. 

2. Making mortar, cement, etc. The making of sandstone 
and tufa. 

3. Monlding and mapping your dis'trict; yonr island. Pic- 
tures of places on the Island which the children have not 
seen. 

4. Districts of your island. Officers for each district. 
Officers for the whole island. Representatives and Senators. 

5. The moon and its course through the heavens. The 
principal zodiacal constella'tions- and their apparent motions. 

6. Evaporation and condensation by experiments. Ex- 
periments on currents of air. Weather record. 

7. Plant squash seeds. Study the growth of the vine, and 
especially the flowers and their relation to fruit. Papaw 
(papaia). In general study flowers more carefully than here- 
tofore in their relation to fruit and seed. 

8. Insects in their relation to plants. Their life histories. 

9. How did the people of the different nationalities now in 
the Islands live in their native lands? Stories from parents 
and others. 

10. Vessels coming to your landing. Their routes. What 
do they bring for you? What do you do in exchange? 

11. Arranging, labeling and preserving specimens, culti- 
vating plants, etc. 



Arithmetic — 

Extend the use of measures already learned. Teach also 
mile, acre, cubic foot, month, year, pound, etc. Estimate dis- 
tances in miles' and fractions of a mile, and then measure by 
steps or otherwise. Measure off one acre. Estimate the num- 
ber of acres in various tracts, the area of which the teacher 
can learn from old surveys or otherwise. Teach children how 
to calculate volumes from linear dimensions. Names and 
lengths of the months. Calendars on the blackboard. Weigh- 
ing where possible, and estimating weights. Carefully l^each 
the proper form for making out bills of goods. Use only 
articles the kind, measure and price of which are well known 
to the pupils, and use few items' in each bill. Numbers by 
Grube method to 100. Teach numbers expressed by two 
figures as tens and units. 

Writing — 

Care that pupils sit in proper position and write all their 
exercises as well as they can. Insist upon large plain letters*. 

Singing — 

Rote songs. Tonic Sol-Fa, first three steps. 



FOURTH YEAR. 



Language — 

Supplementary First Reader. Stories of Kalaniopuu, Ka- 
hekili, Kaiana, Kamehameha and others of this period. Rob- 
ins'on Crusoe. Letter writing. Dictation exercises such as 
those given in Giffin's ^'50 Suggestive Dictation Exercises." 
Composition in connection with lessons in geography and 
arithmetic. Phonic drill as needed. Memorv Gems. 



10 
Geography — 

1. Add to collection quartz, marble, granite, etc., obtained 
from ballast dumps, by exchange or otherwise. 

2. Mosses, ferns, grasses, lantana, etc., in relation to soil 
formation and the shaping of land. Fertilizing lands with 
streams of "water. Wind and water in their effect upon the 
forms of land, seashore, etc. 

3. Moulding and mapping all the Islands. Pictures of 
places on the Islands. 

4. Principal officers of the Republic and their duties. Poli- 
tical boundaries. 

5. The pole star and the principal polar constellations. 
Apparent motions of the latter. 

6. Drift wood. Ocean currents at the Islands. Trade 
winds. Direction of winds and temperature. Whence do our 
cold and warm winds come, and what does this- indicate re- 
garding the climate north and south of us. Relation of heat 
to trade-winds, land-breezes, sea-breezes, etc. 

7. Collect specimens of foreign woods. Examine the trees 
as they grow where possible. Distinguish between domestic 
and foreign woods. Collect specimens of foreign grains, nuts, 
fru'ts, fibers, etc. Plant wheat, oats, barley, flax, etc., and 
study them growing. 

8. Migratory birds, such as the kolea, the ulili, the ake- 
keke and the curlew. 

9. Descriptions of foreign lands- by natives of those lands 
— parents or others. Pictures where possible. 

10. Inter-Island commerce. Vessels coming to the Islands 
and what they carry each way. What do people in other 
lands do for you, and what do you do in return? 

11. Arranging, labeling and preserving specimens, care of 
plants, etc. 



11 

Arithmetic — 

Arabic notation to three periods. Addition, substraction, 
multiplication and division within this limit. Limit multi- 
pliers and divisors to two figures first half of year. Reduction 
of denominate numbers. Follow in general the plan laid down 
in "G rube's Method." Make out and foot up long bills. Con- 
tinue and extend measurements. Use number in geography 
work. 

Writing — 

Care that pupils sit in proper positions and write all their 
exercises as well as they can. Insist upon large plain letters. 

Singing — 

Tonic Sol-Fa, third step. Same exercises in staff. 



QRAfinAR SCHOOL COURSE. 



FIFTH YEAR. 

Language — 

Second Reader. Stories of Capt. Cook, Vancouver, Drake, 
Columbus, Capt. John Smith and other discoverers and ex- 
plorers of this country and America. Geo. Kaumualii and 
Kaiana abroad. Dictation exercises such as Giffin's ''50 Sug- 
gestive Dictation Exercises." Composition. Memory gems. 
Current events. 

Geography — 

Add to collection of minerals soils, etc., such interesting 
specimens as may be obtainable from Hawaii or from abroad. 



12 

Make a careful study of one stream, as large as convenient. 
Study carefully the slant of the sun's rays during May and 
June. Teach tropics and torrid and temperate zones in con- 
nection with the study of the sun's rays. Study the hiberna- 
tion of plants as hinted by the falling of the leaves of such 
trees as the monkey pod. Study the buds and budding out of 
such trees after their hibernation as showing what takes place 
in the colder zones. Descriptions of countries found by the 
explorers and discoverers treated of. Climate of these coun- 
tries. Condition of these countries at present. American 
Indians. Collect labels, etc. showing origin of useful articles 
of commerce. "Natural Elementary Geography'' to page 22. 

Arithmetic — 

Simple common fractions, chiefly with small denominators. 
Simple examples in percentage considered as fractions. Num- 
ercial relations in geography. Numercial study of official re- 
ports. Measurements of boards of various shapes. Board 
measure. Denominate numbers involving fractions. Bills in- 
volving simple calculations in fractions. Business forms. Use 
Ficklin's "National Arithmetic" for examples. 

Writing — 

Copy books with pens and ink. Much time and attention 
given to forming a good hand, as writing will be taught in- 
cidentally hereafter. 

Singing — 

Tonic Sol-Fa, fourth step. Staff notation, third step. Much 
attention to good music learned by note. 



SIXTH YEAR. 

Language — 

Third Reader. Stories of Hawaiian life to 1839. Stories 



13 

of the settlement of America by white people. American 
pioneers and explorers, such as Daniel Boone, Kit Carson, 
Abraham Lincoln, General Fremont, and Marcus Whitman. 
Dictation. Composition. Memory gems. Current events. 

Geography — 

Australia and the Islands of the Pacific. "Natural Ele- 
mentary Geography" to page 71. Geography of current 
events. 

Arithmetic — 

Decimal fractions and simple percentage. Easy examples 
in the first problem of simple interest. Keeping personal and 
cash accounts. Use Ficklin's National Arithmetic for exam- 
ples. 

Physiology — 

Experiments on the properties and constituents of the air, 
with consequent lessons on ventilation. See WoodhulPs 
*'Simple Experiments for the Schoolroom." 

Singing — 

Tonic Sol-Fa and staff notation, fourth step. Much atten- 
tion to good music learned by note. 



SEVENTH YEAR. 

Language — 

Supplementary Third Reader. Swinton's New Language 
Lessons begun. Hawaiian historical stories to the present 
time. European and American historical stories and poems. 
Oomposition. Current events. Memory gems. 



14 

Geography — 

Natural Elementary Geography completed. Geography of 
currents events. 

Arithmetic — 

Percentage and its applications to profit and loss, commer- 
cial discount and the first problem of simple interest. Keep- 
ing single entry daybook and ledger, involving calculations of 
interest and making out long bills. Adding long columns of 
figures. 

Physiology — 

Smith's Elementary Physiology and Hygiene. 

Physics — 

Simple experiments without text-books. The teacher is 
referred to Woodhull's Simple Experiments for the School- 
room. 

Singing — 

Much attention to good music learned by note. 



EIGHTH YEAR. 

Language — 

Eggleston's Primary History of the United States. Swin- 
ton's New Language Lessons continued. Historical and other 
poems studied. Composition. Current events. 

Arithmetic — 

Simple proportion, square root and its applications, men- 
suration, single-entry book-keeping, business forms, and gen- 
eral review. 



15 
Geography — 

Careful study of geograpliy of current events. Routes of 
travel in general. The world's commerce. 

Physics — 

Experiments on forms and properties of matter, cohesion, 
adhesion, gravitation, heat, light, sound, etc., leading to ex- 
planations, of every day phenomena. 

Singing — 
Much attention to good music learned by note. 



NOTE. 



Swinton's readers, Ficklin's National Arithmetic, Redway's 
Natural Elementary Geography, Smith's Elementary Physi- 
ology and Hygiene, Swinton's New Language Lessons, and 
Eggleston's Primary History of the United States are adopted 
text-books up to the end of the eighth year. 

The following are recommended as especially valuable 
books for teachers. Alexander's History of the Hawaiian 
People, Fornander's Polynesian Race (Vol. II.), Jarves' His- 
tory of the Sandwich Islands, Atkinson's Geography of the 
Hawaiian Islands, Farnham's Oswego Methods in Geography, 
Nichols's Topics in Geography, Payne's Nature Study, Jack- 
man's Nature Study, Frye's Child and Nature, Page's Heart 
Culture, Giffin's 50 Suggestive Dictation Exercises, Woodhull's 
Simple Experiments for the Schoolroom, Shaw's Physics by 



16 



Experiment, Lovejoy's Nature in Verse, Parker's Talks on 
Teaching, Patridge's Quincy Methods, Parker's How to Study 

-Oeography, Parker's Talks on Pedagogies, McMurry's Special 

Methods, McMurry's General Method. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 







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